Special Topic – Ecosystem Restoration
Page 5 – 360° Mains Model Answer & Strategic Conclusion
28 February 2026 | English Edition
1️⃣ Introduction
Ecosystem restoration refers to the process of assisting the recovery of degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems. In the context of climate change, biodiversity loss, and rapid urbanization, restoration has emerged as a strategic environmental and economic priority.
India, being one of the mega-biodiverse nations, faces significant ecological stress that necessitates structured restoration efforts.
2️⃣ Importance of Ecosystem Restoration
- Enhances carbon sequestration and climate mitigation
- Improves water security and soil fertility
- Reduces disaster vulnerability
- Supports rural livelihoods and green jobs
- Protects biodiversity and ecological balance
3️⃣ Challenges
- Funding gaps and limited institutional coordination
- Conflict between infrastructure expansion and conservation
- Weak enforcement of environmental regulations
- Lack of scientific monitoring and community ownership
4️⃣ Way Forward
- Adopt landscape-level planning approaches
- Strengthen green financing and climate funds
- Integrate restoration with rural development schemes
- Leverage technology (GIS, satellite mapping)
- Enhance community participation and decentralisation
5️⃣ Conclusion (Strategic Insight)
Ecosystem restoration is not merely an environmental activity; it is a foundational pillar of sustainable development. India’s journey towards climate resilience and green growth depends on its ability to restore and conserve natural ecosystems.
A balanced model integrating ecological sustainability with economic growth will define the future of inclusive development.
Environmental Special Topic | Page 5 | 360° Mains Model Answer
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